Key Highlights:

• Uttar Pradesh is implementing its State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) to tackle climate impacts, with a focus on adaptation and mitigation.
• The state has committed to a 10% reduction in carbon emissions by 2030.
• The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) and National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) are supporting climate-resilient agricultural practices.
• Renewable energy capacity in Uttar Pradesh is set to reach 12,000 MW of solar power by 2025.

Introduction

Uttar Pradesh, with its large rural population and growing urban centers, is particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The state faces an increase in extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, and heatwaves, which threaten agriculture, water resources, and infrastructure. In response, the Uttar Pradesh government has launched a comprehensive State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC) aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change while fostering sustainable development.

The state’s climate strategy is based on both adaptation to changing conditions and mitigation to reduce future risks. Through investments in renewable energy, sustainable agriculture, and water management, Uttar Pradesh is working toward building a climate-resilient future for its population.

Government Initiatives in Climate Action

1. Renewable Energy Development: Aiming for 12,000 MW of Solar Power by 2025
   Uttar Pradesh has set ambitious targets for renewable energy, focusing particularly on solar power. Under the Uttar Pradesh Solar Power Policy, the state aims to achieve a 12,000 MW solar capacity by 2025. According to the Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA), the state has already made substantial progress, with over 2,500 MW of solar power capacity installed by 2023. This push is part of India’s broader target of 500 GW of non-fossil fuel energy by 2030.

To support this, the state is focusing on large-scale solar parks and rooftop solar installations. The Badaun Solar Park, for example, is expected to generate over 500 MW of power upon completion, contributing significantly to the state’s clean energy goals.

2. Climate-Resilient Agriculture: Enhancing Water Management and Crop Diversification
   Agriculture, which employs a majority of Uttar Pradesh’s population, is highly vulnerable to climate change. The state has implemented various programs to increase agricultural resilience, including the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) and the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA). Through these programs, the state aims to enhance irrigation efficiency and promote sustainable farming practices.

For example, PMKSY aims to increase irrigation coverage in the state, reducing dependence on rainfall and improving water-use efficiency through micro-irrigation systems. Uttar Pradesh has already focused on drip and sprinkler irrigation, which has helped conserve water and improve crop yields. Additionally, the state encourages crop diversification to make farmers less reliant on single crops, such as wheat and rice, which are vulnerable to changing climate conditions.

3. Water Conservation and Management: Ensuring Sustainable Water Use
   Water scarcity is a pressing issue in many parts of Uttar Pradesh, particularly in regions like Bundelkhand. The state is taking steps to address this challenge through its State Water Policy, which emphasizes rainwater harvesting, watershed management, and the restoration of water bodies. Under the Namami Gange Program, the state is working to rejuvenate rivers and improve water management practices across its districts.

In addition, the UP Jal Nigam has been tasked with improving water supply infrastructure, while programs like Atal Bhujal Yojana (ATAL JAL) focus on sustainable groundwater management. These initiatives aim to reduce the state’s dependency on groundwater, ensuring that water resources are used more efficiently, especially in rural and farming communities.

Challenges and the Road Ahead

1. Infrastructure and Financing
   While Uttar Pradesh has made strides in implementing climate action initiatives, the state faces challenges related to infrastructure and financing. Rural areas, in particular, lack the robust infrastructure needed to implement climate-resilient measures effectively. Expanding renewable energy infrastructure, improving irrigation systems, and ensuring water availability will require significant investment.

The state government is working in collaboration with the central government and private sector to meet these financing needs. In 2023, the state allocated ₹5,000 crore for the development of climate-resilient infrastructure, which includes projects for renewable energy, water management, and agriculture.

2. Public Awareness and Capacity Building
   Climate change adaptation and mitigation require widespread public awareness and community participation. The state has launched educational programs to raise awareness about sustainable practices in agriculture, water conservation, and energy use. However, continuous efforts are needed to ensure that these programs reach all communities, particularly in remote areas.
3. Data and Research
   In order to effectively address climate change impacts, Uttar Pradesh needs robust data systems for climate modeling and early warning systems. The state is collaborating with national agencies to improve climate data collection and analysis, which will enable more informed decision-making.

Looking Forward: A Climate-Resilient Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh’s Climate Action Plan marks a significant step toward ensuring a sustainable and climate-resilient future. With its focus on renewable energy, climate-smart agriculture, and water conservation, the state is positioning itself as a leader in climate action in India. By continuing to invest in infrastructure, building capacity, and fostering public-private partnerships, Uttar Pradesh can successfully navigate the challenges of climate change and secure a more resilient future for its population.

As the state continues to implement its climate action strategies, the path ahead looks promising. With continued focus on sustainable development and climate resilience, Uttar Pradesh is laying the foundation for a prosperous and climate-ready future.

Sources:

1. Uttar Pradesh State Action Plan on Climate Change (SAPCC)
2. Uttar Pradesh New and Renewable Energy Development Agency (UPNEDA)
3. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare
4. Uttar Pradesh Jal Nigam
5. Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation